Kunzima ukukholwa ukuthi laba abadlali...
IQINISO-HLOLA ISIQINISEKISO
Ukutsheka Kwezepolitiki
& Ithoni Yemizwa
I-athikili ikhombisa ukuchema okulandelanayo, igxeka ubufazi futhi ibuveza njengenhlangano eyeqisayo eyingozi emphakathini.
Kwenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa.
Ithoni yemizwa imbi kancane, izwakalisa ukukhathazeka nokungasivumeli isimo samanje sobufazi nenkulumo yepolitiki.
Kwenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa.
- Ubufazi sebuphenduke igama elingcolile, kodwa bambalwa abaqonda ubumnyama obucashe emnyombweni walo mphakathi lapho ububi buzenza uzwelo.
Lapho Ipsos abesifazane abahloliwe ngoSuku Lwabesifazane Lwamazwe Ngamazwe, u-20% uvumile ukuthi “Ubufazi bulimaza kakhulu kunokuhle,” kanti u-25% wathi, “Ubudoda bendabuko busengozini namuhla.”
Lezo zibalo zango-2022 cishe ziphezulu kakhulu namuhla - okuyinkomba yokukhula kokwehlukana kwansuku zonke endaweni yethu yezepolitiki. Inkulumo-mpikiswano ephucuzekile isiyinto yesikhathi esedlule - inkulumo-mpikiswano yezombangazwe namuhla ivamise ukuhlanganisa lezi zingxoxo ezilandelayo:
Liberal: “Ungumuntu ocwasa ngokwebala!”
I-Conservative: "Ungumuntu ohlukumeza izingane!"
Izinhlamba ziyaqhubeka, uhlangothi ngalunye luyathukuthela, futhi akukho okufezwayo.
Kungani ipolitiki ibe nobuthi obungaka?
I-Feminism manje ibonakala njengomkhankaso wokuziphindiselela ozonda amadoda - lokho kuwukubukelwa phansi. Abesifazane abeqisayo abaye baqoqa abalandeli abaningi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana futhi banezikhundla zokuphatha bazimisele ngokujezisa wonke amadoda ngobugebengu babambalwa abakhethiwe.
Singathola leyo mpendulo ngokubheka emakhoneni amnyama omphakathi wabesifazane ku-inthanethi. Kuyiphethini eyaziwayo ebonakala kaningi kulezi zinsuku - ontamolukhuni, okwathi eminyakeni eyishumi edlule babezobizwa ngokuthi izihlanya, ngokuzumayo benziwa inkundla futhi bakhulekelwe iningi elivamile.
Ukufaka laba baqili futhi ukubavumela ukuthi basakaze imibono yabo kuzithameli ezibanzi ekugcineni kushintsha abantu abacabangayo abake balinganisela baye ekupheleni okukhulu kwe-spectrum - bese umjikelezo uyaphinda.
Ngaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi edlule, igama elithi feminist lahlanganisa isithombe sabesifazane abafuna ukulingana — kugcizelela ukulingana. Abantu besifazane emlandweni balwela ilungelo labesifazane lokuvota, ukuba nempahla, kanye nokuba nomsebenzi - amalungelo wonke umuntu afaneleka.
Manje, ubufazi buyisilo esihluke ngokuphelele.
Ubufazi besimanje abukho mayelana nokulingana
Ungabheki ngaphezu kuka-diehard feminist kanye nentatheli u-Ava Santina, umhlaziyi ojwayelekile wePiers Morgan Uncensored, othi ubufazi abukahambanga ngokwanele.
Phakathi nesikhathi exoxa ngendlela abafana abancane abasaba ngayo ukusolwa ngokuhlukumeza ngokocansi, u-Ava washo ngokungagwegwesi, “Ngiyaluthanda lobu bubi!... Ngicabanga ukuthi amadoda kufanele esabe!” Ukubeka lokhu emqondweni, wayekhuluma ngabafana abasebancane abahlukunyezwayo futhi benza amaphutha angenacala, hhayi amadoda akhulile!
I-Feminism manje isiyisizinda esandile senhlangano ye-#MeToo ebiza wonke amadoda njengabadlwenguli, abahlukumezi, nababulali kanye nabo bonke abesifazane njengezisulu ezingakwazi ukuqamba amanga. U-#MeToo bekuyinto enhle, kodwa abesimame bayithathile futhi bayisonta ukuze ihambisane ne-ajenda yabo.
Kungumbono okhaliphile, othatha isihloko esivusa imizwa njengokuhlukunyezwa kwasekhaya, abantu abaningi abangaqondana nakho. Phela, iningi lethu liyamazi owesifazane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unkosikazi, intombi, umama, indodakazi noma udadewabo, oye waxhashazwa ngandlela-thile.
Ngokudlala ngalolo zwelo, laba bantu bangakwazi ukugoqa inzondo yabo ngeqembu, kulokhu, amadoda, ngeveli elibizwa ngokuthi uzwelo.
Icala losaziwayo elicasule abantu besifazane
Lolu hlobo lobufazi obusha lwathola umfutho kulandela isivivinyo sangonyaka odlule sikasaziwayo se-Depp vs. Heard.
Umlingisikazi u-Amber Heard wasola futhi wahlambalaza umlingisi uJohnny Depp ngokuthi ungumhlukumezi, ethi wayemhlukumeza ngokomzwelo, ngokomzimba nangokocansi ngesikhathi beshadile.
U-Depp wamangalela u-Heard ngokuhlambalaza, ethi lezi zinsolo zingamanga futhi zimoshe umsebenzi wakhe. U-Heard uphinde wamangalelwa ngokuhlambalaza igama lakhe ngoba ummeli ka-Depp wayemveze esidlangalaleni ukuthi ungumqambimanga.
Ijaji lalalela amasonto amaningi obufakazi futhi lagcina livuna u-Johnny Depp, laphetha ngokuthi u-Amber Heard wayeqambe amanga ngamabomu ngezinsolo zokuhlukumeza.
Abameli bamalungelo amadoda babungaza ukuthi u-Depp uthole ubulungiswa kanye nokuqashelwa ukuthi indoda ingaba yisisulu sokungagcini nje ngokumangalelwa ngamanga kodwa futhi nokuhlukunyezwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwemali…
Abesifazane abaqinile bangena enkingeni, benqaba ukwamukela isinqumo sejaji, bebiza lonke icala njengesandiso sobukhosi (igama eliyintandokazi yabesifazane elichaza uhlelo olubuswa amadoda), futhi bakhulekela u-Amber Heard njengesisulu esinesibindi.
Behlome ngebinzana lakudala elithi #BelieveAllWomen, abameli besifazane bagasele kwabezindaba ezivamile bethi lesi sigameko siyingozi kangakanani - bathi lesi sinqumo sizokhuthaza amadoda amaningi ukuthi amangalele abamangaleli bawo ukuze bathule.
Akukhulunywa ngokuthi uhlelo lwezobulungiswa lusebenza kanjani noma ukuthi ijaji litshale isikhathi esingakanani ecaleni. Kwakungenandaba nabesifazane ukuthi u-Heard wayengenabo ubufakazi futhi wayekhuluma ngokungananazi kulesi sikhundla - kwakungenandaba nokuthi u-Johnny wayenobufakazi obuphathekayo bokuthi u-Amber wayemhlukumeza.
Okwakubalulekile kwakuwubulili. Abesifazane kumele bakholwe ngaso sonke isikhathi - amadoda ahlala enecala.
Ubulungiswa bukhona ngokuphawulekayo elula emhlabeni wobufazi ngokwedlulele.
Ungase ucabange ukuthi leso sitatimende siphezulu, kodwa njengoba uzobona, kubi kakhulu, uma kungenjalo kubi kakhulu.
Umthetho ngaphansi kwabesifazane
Thatha umkhulumeli wesifazane odumile wase-UK nommeli, u-Charlotte Proudman, owaziwa ngama-Twitter azonda amadoda kanye nothando olungapheli luka-Amber Heard. Njalo emahoreni ambalwa, i-akhawunti ye-Twitter kaProudman izokhipha i-tweet kubalandeli bakhe abangu-70,000+ mayelana nendlela amadoda ahlukumeza ngayo.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ama-tweets kaProudman ayahlekisa abantu abaningi bazophawula ukuthi kufanele kube yi-akhawunti ye-parody, umuntu oncokolayo. Ngeshwa, uzimisele kakhulu futhi uyaqhubeka nokusebenza njengommeli ezinkantolo zomndeni wase-UK.
Okokuqala, u-Proudman, ummeli, engxoxweni mayelana ne-Depp vs. Heard ukuthi "ubufakazi abuhlangene nhlobo naleli cala." Lona umqondo kaProudman; ngisho njengommeli oqeqeshiwe, uyabuchitha ubufakazi njengobungabalulekanga kunalokho ugxile ebulilini.
I-akhawunti ye-Twitter ka-Proudman izoshaya ingqondo yakho…
UProudman ubungaza umbono wabesifazane abashintshashintshayo ngoba bayabuchitha ubudoda. “Abesifazane abangama-Trans bahlanganisa ukwenqatshwa ngokuphelele kobukhosi. Yini engaba ngcono kuwena kunokwenqaba ubudoda obuyingozi bendabuko.”
Okudidayo ukuthi abantu besifazane abaningi abeqisayo njengo-Proudman basekela kakhulu umnyakazo we-transgender futhi bakhombisa ukukhathazeka okuncane mayelana nabesilisa bemvelo ababelana ngezindlu zangasese zabesifazane. UProudman uthi, “Uma owesilisa efuna ukuhlukumeza abesifazane, uzokwenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-cubicle yendlu yangasese ehlukile.”
UProudman kumele ukuthi wayegula ngosuku ababefundisa ngalo umqondo wobugebengu bokuvula amathuba esikoleni sezomthetho. Noma kunjalo, izinhlangano eziningi ezibheke kwesokunxele ziyavuma ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-30 okuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi akuhleliwe, lapho umenzi wobubi ethatha ithuba lesi simo - njengokuba segumbini lokugezela elilodwa.
Ngisho nangemibono yakhe eyeqisayo kanye nokubukela phansi amadoda, u-Proudman uphunyukile ekukhanselweni ngenxa yokuhambisana kwakhe nesokunxele sezepolitiki. Naphezu kwezikhalazo eziningi, uyaqhubeka nokusebenza njengommeli, ubonakala njalo emibonweni yezindaba evamile, futhi usebhale ama-op-ed amaningi emaphephandabeni avelele.
Kuba kubi kakhulu:
NgoMeyi, uProudman washicilela izincomo zakhe zokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezinkantolo zomndeni e-United Kingdom, eziqanjwe “Izinguquko ezingu-10 ezibalulekile kuMthethosivivinywa Wezisulu. "
Unombolo 6 ohlwini lwakhe washo ngokudabukisayo: “Uma ummangali ethi uyadlwengula, ukuhlukunyezwa kwasekhaya noma ukulawula ngenkani, ummangalelwa akufanele avunyelwe ukuthi afune ukuthola ukuthi ummangali 'uqambe amanga' mayelana nezinsolo. Le ndlela yokwenza abamangali idikibalise abamangali ukuthi baveze izinsolo zokuhlukunyezwa, okushiya izingane engcupheni yokulimala okungalungiseki.”
Sicela ukufunde lokho futhi futhi ucabangisise ngakho...
U-Proudman uphakamisa ngokuqinile umthetho ovimbela ngokomthetho amadoda ukuba azivikele emacaleni - awavunyelwe ngokoqobo ukunikeza ubufakazi bobumsulwa babo!
Lokhu bekungeke yini kukhuthaze ukumangalelwa okungamanga enkantolo yomndeni, njengoba omama abaphelelwe ithemba bebengazi ukuthi ukusola ukuhlukunyezwa kungaba ukunqoba okuzenzakalelayo kwelungelo lokukhulisa izingane?
Naphezu kwenqwaba yabantu abanengqondo ephusile abazwakalisa ukucasuka ngobulili obusobala buka-Proudman, abaningi bamkhulekela njengesithonjana sobufazi - futhi ungomunye wabaningi.
'I-Psychiatry yi-patriarchy enephedi kadokotela'
Omunye umuntu ovelele emphakathini wabesifazane abaqinile futhi ovame ukuphinda abhale kabusha i-Proudman nguDkt. Jessica Taylor, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esithi, "I-Psychiatry yi-patriarchy ene-pad pad, kanye nepeni eligcwele uyinki."
Inkolelo ewumgogodla kaTaylor iwukuthi amadoda emkhakheni wezempilo yengqondo nowokusebenza kwengqondo ahlonza ngokungafanele abesifazane abanokuphazamiseka kwengqondo njengendlela yokubacindezela.
UTaylor uzama ukuphusha inguqulo yakhe ye-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) esetshenziswa kudokotela wengqondo ukuxilonga ukugula ngengqondo.
Ngokungafani ne-DSM, “I-Indicative Trauma Manual” ka-Taylor ayiqukethe “Izinkinga,” “Ukulebula,” noma “I-Diagnostic criteria” — ngoba konke lokho kuyi-patriarchal.
UJessica Taylor uphinde akholelwe ukuthi uhlelo lwezinkantolo zomndeni, oseluvele lubhekwa kabanzi njengoluphakathi kwabesifazane kuqala, luvame ukubiza omama njengabagula ngengqondo. Ithumela imeme kubalandeli bakhe abacishe babe inkulungwane eyodwa ethi "Izithombe zangempela ezivela enkantolo yomndeni" ezinopopayi oshintshiwe ovela ku-The Simpsons obonisa "izinsuku ezingu-0 ngaphandle kokusola umama ngokugula ngengqondo" yinkantolo yomndeni.
Empeleni, abantu abaningi bagxeka inkantolo yemindeni ngokuvuna omama kunobaba, ikakhulukazi e-United Kingdom, lapho kuhlala khona uTaylor. Izibalo zibonisa lokho obaba banenkinga ecacile ohlelweni lwezinkantolo zomndeni, cishe ama-93% emiklomelo yelungelo lokuhlala yedwa eya kumama.
Uhlelo lwezinkantolo zomndeni luphukile e-UK kangangokuthi lube nomthelela esibalweni esishaqisayo sengane eyodwa kwezi-1 ezikhula zingenayise - futhi ngokuvamile akuyona into ekhethwa yindoda - u-3% omama uvuma obala ukuthi uvimbela ukuxhumana, ngokusho koMnyango. Ngezokuvikeleka Komphakathi.
Lokho akwanele kubantu besifazane namuhla.
Isikhali esiya kuso somuntu wesifazane wanamuhla
Njengabanye “odokotela” abakulolu hlu, uDkt. Emma Katz uvame ukuTweet ngokuhlukunyezwa kwasekhaya. U-Katz ungumbhali nomcwaningi wokulawula okuphoqelekile, uhlobo olusha nolunothile oluncane lokuhlukumeza kwasekhaya abantu besifazane abacwile kulo.
Awukho umthetho we-federal ophikisana nawo ukulawula ngempoqo e-United States, futhi yizifundazwe ezimbalwa kuphela ezinemithetho ephikisana nayo - iCalifornia iyinye, kunjalo. I-United Kingdom yaqala ukuyibona njengendlela yokuhlukumeza ngo-2015 ngaphansi kwe ISerious Crime Act.
Uhulumeni wase-UK uthi kunecala lenziwe uma umuntu “ephindelela noma eqhubeka nokuziphatha komunye umuntu olawulayo noma ophoqayo.”
Abaningi bazolibona leli gama uma bebelandela ukushushiswa kuka-Andrew Tate waseRomania, abathi waphoqa futhi wakhohlisa abesifazane ukuthi bathengise amavidiyo ocansi ku-inthanethi.
Ngisho noma laba besifazane abadala bahlanganyele ngokuzithandela futhi bazuza kulawa mavidiyo, futhi abanye basho ngokusobala ukuthi u-Tate akazange awakhohlise, abashushisi base-Romania bayagcizelela ukuthi bayizisulu - abakwazi nje lokho ngoba ahlakazwe ingqondo - ngokusobala.
Ngokwabantu besifazane, ukulawulwa okuphoqelekile kuyasukela ekuhlanzweni kobuchopho okubaliwe ngakolunye uhlangothi kuye esicelweni esihloniphekile ngakolunye. Kungaba kuhle njengokutshela umuntu wakho ukuthi agqokeni noma umcele ukuthi angaphumi ebusuku kakhulu ngoba kuyingozi.
Abantu besifazane abaningi besimanje bangabasekeli abakhulu kakhulu bokugunyazwa kokuhushula isisu kuze kube yinyanga yesishiyagalolunye yokukhulelwa - lalela ukuthi u-Proudman utheni ! Abalandeli besifazane abafana no-Emma Katz bazama ukuxhumanisa ukulawula okuphoqelelayo nomthetho wokukhipha isisu, begomela isimangalo esivusa inkanuko - sokuthi amadoda ajabulela ukuphoqa abesifazane ukuba bazale izingane zabo!
“Abesifazane abalawulwa ngenkani futhi #abakhulelwe kakade kungenzeka bangakwazi ukuthola imali ngenxa ‘yozakwethu’ #umnotho. Lokhu kunciphisa ikhono labo lokuthola usizo lwezempilo oluphephile lokuhushula izisu kwesinye isifunda.”
Ijimu yengqondo eyenziwa ngabesifazane abahlanyayo ukuhlanganisa yonke imibono yabo kumele ikhathale!
Lokhu kuyamangaza:
Katz usanda kubhala a iposi blog, efihlwe ngemuva kodonga olukhokhelwayo, kodwa yafingqwa ku-Twitter ngokuthi “Amadoda ahlukumezayo ekhuluma wodwa aveze ukuthi ayazi ukuthi athola izinzuzo ezinkulu ngokuhlukumeza abesifazane nezingane.”
Uma ungathola owesilisa okhuluma ngokukhululekile “ngezinzuzo ezinkulu” azithola emphakathini ngokuhlukumeza abesifazane nezingane, umgagule futhi umphoxe esigabeni sokuphawula — ngeke ngiwubambe umoya.
Ama-retweets ayashaqisa ngendlela efanayo:
Ukuskrola phansi kumugqa wesikhathi we-Kat'z we-Twitter, enye yama-retweets okuqala ithi, “Kholelwani bomama. Bakhuluma iqiniso.”
Yilokho-ke, icala livaliwe; abantu besifazane abakwazi ukuqamba amanga manje?
“Akuzona “izingxabano zomshado” ukuhlukumeza. Akuzona “izinkinga zokuxhumana” kodwa #ukulawula okuphoqayo akuzona “izinkinga zomndeni” kodwa ukuhlukunyezwa. I-#domesticviolence & #coercivecontrol iwuhlobo lokuhlukumeza #okunamandla ngokwezinga noma okukhulu kunalokho okwenzeka kuma-POWs kanye ne-PTSD," kusho buyisela emuva kusuka ku-Katz, ekuqaleni kuthunyelwe ngu-@KilmerLawSuit.
Ingabe izingxabano zomshado kanye nezindaba zomndeni zifana ngempela ne-waterboarding yansuku zonke?
Abesifazane kwabezindaba
Ngenkathi siskrola kuma-retweets amaningi, sithola intatheli ye-NBC u-Kat Tenbarge, intatheli yezobuchwepheshe nezamasiko okholelwa ukuthi abesifazane abasoze bamangalela amanga ngodumo noma imali.
“Akuwona ubuwula ukukholelwa izisulu. Kuwubuwula ukukholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lwezobulungiswa alunaphutha. Kuwubuwula ukukholelwa ukuthi abantu abasengozini baqamba amanga kodwa abantu abanamandla bakhuluma iqiniso. Kuwubuwula ukucabanga ukuthi othile angaqamba amanga ngokuhlukumeza noma ukuhlasela ukuze azuze imali noma udumo.”
Akuwona yini ubuwula ukucabanga ukuthi othile ngeke enze lutho ukuze athole imali noma udumo?
Umlando wesintu ugcwele izibonelo zabo bobabili ubulili obubulalayo ngenxa yezinto ezinjalo, ingasaphathwa eyokuqamba amanga, okuvame ukuba mincane imiphumela yazo.
Cabanga ukuthi ubungalula kangakanani umsebenzi wezomthetho ukube laba besifazane bebephethe:
Amajaji ngeke adinge iminyaka yokufunda yezomthetho — uma ekwazi ukunquma kahle ubulili bommangaleli nommangalelwa (okuvunyiwe, akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ezweni lanamuhla), angawuthola umsebenzi. Emhlabeni ophethwe abantu besifazane, amajaji anquma amacala ngokusekelwe ohlwini lokuhlola olunezigaba ezimbili oluneziqondiso ezibambekayo zesigwebo.
Ummangaleli: wesifazane, hlola. Ummangalelwa: ndoda, hlola. Isinqumo: unecala. Isigwebo: ukuthenwa!
Ukuzindla ngesithombe esikhulu
Umuntu wesifazane kulolu hlu angase ahleke ubulima besibonelo esingenhla kodwa ahluleke ukuqonda ukuthi okuningi kwalokho abakuphakamisayo kuyefana, kuvele kuhlanganiswe ngolimi oluqhakazile. Inhlangano elwela amalungelo abantu besifazane igcwele ubuthi ngenxa yesimo sengqondo sakudala esithi “thina ngokumelene nabo” kangangokuthi wonke amadoda “angabantu ababi” futhi bonke abesifazane “bangabantu abalungile.”
Ungangizwa kabi:
Lo mcabango awufani nowobufazi kuphela - usabalele kuwo wonke amaqembu namaqembu ezepolitiki. Cishe yiyona nto enomthelela omkhulu esimweni sezepolitiki samanje.
Ukwesaba ukwenqatshwa phakathi kweqembu lomuntu siqu kunabantu abasondelene naye - ukuqondanisa nomunye umbono kuyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni lapho noma yini oyishoyo ingaba negciwane ngemizuzwana. Ngakho-ke iningi lamukela iqoqo lemibono njengesinyathelo sokufuna ukuzivikela ekukhanselweni okwesabekayo.
Sibona isikhathi nesikhathi...
AmaLiberals, azi ukuthi amadoda emvelo aqhudelana nabesifazane kwezemidlalo akulungile, thulani. Abesimame, beqonda ukuthi akubona bonke abantu besilisa abangabadlwenguli, bahlala benezindebe eziqinile. Amademokhrasi, engaqiniseki ukuthi uTrump unobandlululo, abambe ulimi. Iphethini icacile.
Ukuhlala uthule futhi ungabi nenselelo eqenjini yikho okuvumela imibono engasile ukuthi izale.
Cabanga ngakho:
Indoda ephonsa inselelo kumuntu wesifazane izohlekwa, “Impela angakusho lokho. Uyindoda!” Umuntu waseRiphabhulikhi ofana neDemocrat uphonselwa inselelo ngaphandle kokucabanga, “Impela angakusho lokho. UngumRepublican!”
Kodwa uma enye yezinselelo zakho wena - uyayeka - iqembu liyama - futhi wonke umuntu uqala ukucabanga.
Muva nje, ukuthula okunjalo sekuyinto evamile, okusiholela endaweni enobuthi bezombusazwe. Yizwe lapho amadoda emvelo ephihliza amarekhodi ezemidlalo zabesifazane, futhi ummeli wamaphoyisa unconywa ngokuphakamisa ukuthi izinkantolo kufanele zivimbele amadoda ekuphikisaneni nanoma yikuphi ukumangalelwa. Leli iqiniso elingaxakile esibhekene nalo manje.
Kuzodingeka umuntu onesibindi ukuthi asukume athi, “Yini le f***? Umsangano lo!” Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho izinto zizobuyela kwesijwayelekile. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ubuxhwanguxhwangu buzochuma bunganakiwe - futhi izifundo zomlando eziqinile ziyasixwayisa ukuthi le ndlela ingase iholele ekulahlekelweni kwemiphefumulo.
Sidinga usizo LAKHO! Sikulethela izindaba ezingahloliwe ze MAHHALA, kodwa lokhu singakwenza kuphela ngenxa yokusekelwa ngabafundi abathembekile njengalokhu WENA! Uma ukholelwa enkulumweni yamahhala futhi ujabulele izindaba zangempela, sicela ucabangele ukusekela umgomo wethu ngokuthi ekubeni umlandeli noma ngokwenza a umnikelo owodwa lapha. I-20% ye KONKE izimali zinikelwa kumakadebona!
By Richard Ahern - I-LifeLine Media
Contact: Richard@lifeline.news
Kushicilelwe:
Kugcine ukubuyekezwa:
Okubhekwayo (isiqinisekiso sokuhlola iqiniso):
Joyina ingxoxo!